I’ve previously shown illustrations and descriptions of Ancient Egyptian weapons,  Ancient Greek helmets and weapons, and Ancient Roman weapons. Here are some daggers and poniards from the Christian Middle Ages.

1. British cutlass, tenth century. It bears on the blade the names “Edwardus,” and “prins agile.” It is attributed to Edward II.
2. Iron dagger, about a foot long, thirteenth century.
3. Iron dagger, thirteenth century. Blade measures about 12 inches, and the haft about 5 inches.
4. Iron poniard, probably Scottish, fourteenth century.
5. Same as above.
6. Poniard, beginning of the fourteenth century.
7. Iron dagger, about 14 inches long, beginning of the fourteenth century. The haft is very long.
8. Iron dagger, about 19 1/2 inches long, end of the fourteenth century.
9. Iron dagger, 14 1/2 inches long, end of the fourteenth century. The handle is of carved bone.
10. Iron dagger, end of the fourteenth or beginning of the fifteenth century.
11. Poniard, end of the fourteenth century.
12. Dagger, fifteenth century.
13. Scottish dagger, about 14 1/2 inches long, wooden handle, fifteenth century.
14. Dagger with single thumb ring, about 16 inches long, fifteenth century.
15. Dagger with double thumb ring, sixteenth century. The two rings were placed there to fix the dagger on a shaft, or at the end of a lance, to resist cavalry.
16. Dagger, anelace, or Verona dagger, fifteenth century.
17. Dagger, anelace, fifteenth century.
18. Dagger, fifteenth century.
19. Dagger of a German lansquenet, sixteenth century, about 14 inches long. Polished steel sheath.
20. Dagger of German lansquenet, sixteenth century.
21. Main gauche, Spanish, with the inscription “Viva Felipe V.,” which shows that this weapon was in use in the year 1701.
22. Stiletto (Spitzdolch), about 12 inches long, end of the sixteenth century. In Germany these weapons were also called Panzerbrecher, or cuirass-breaker.
23. Dagger, Swiss, sixteenth century. These daggers are often provided with small knives, which served to cut the thongs of the armour, to pierce holes, and for various purposes.
24. Dagger, German, sixteenth century.
25. Poniard, German, with wavy blade, very short and broad.
26. Poniard, German, sixteenth century. The guard has four quillons.
27. Main gauche, sixteenth century.
28. Main gauche, German, sixteenth century.
29. Main gauche, German, about 20 inches long, sixteenth century. Engraved handle.
30. Main gauche, German, with indented blade for breaking the enemy’s sword; thumb ring, and quillons curved in inverse directions; sixteenth century.
31. Main gauche, German, with indented blade for breaking swords, sixteenth century.
32. Close-up of indented blade of previous dagger.
33. Large German brise-épée, sixteenth century.
34. Close-up of indented blade of previous dagger.
35. Poniard, German, sixteenth century.
36. Large main gauche, German, with indented quillons, and grated guard as sword-breaker, seventeenth century. It measures about 25 by 10 inches.
37. Stiletto, German, called Panzerbrecher, or cuirass-breaker, about 12 inches long, sixteenth century.
38. Poniard, about 10 inches long, richly studded with precious stones. This weapon belonged to Sobieski, King of Poland.
39. Poniard, German, called Panzerbrecher. The numbers on the blade probably used for measuring the bore of cannons.

The illustrations and descriptions have been taken from An Illustrated History of Arms and Armour: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, by Auguste Demmin, and translated by Charles Christopher Black. Published in 1894 by George Bell.